ABSTRACT The Indian linguistic landscape gives broad perspective of variety of languages used by people around .Hindi is recognized as national language and English identified at national level as subsidiary official language. Most of the states make the language spoken by most of its people a official state language. Like Marathi in Maharashtra, kannada in Karnataka n so on. Thus unlike most of monolingual countries there is no single language in India. This possess a unique challenge for language processing mainly due to diversity in languages used. In this paper we focus on different language pairs from translation perspective. The diversity in language structure, vocabulary, syntactic and semantic variances demands increased efforts to deal with translation task. Keywords: language, machine translation, monolingual, semantic variances